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Defining An Entity
To get started with Quick, you need an entity. You start by extending
quick.models.BaseEntity.// User.cfc
component extends="quick.models.BaseEntity" accessors="true" {}
That's all that is needed to get started with Quick. There are a few defaults of Quick worth mentioning here.
You can generate Quick entities from CommandBox! Install
quick-commands and use quick entity create to get started!We don't need to tell Quick what table name to use for our entity. By default, Quick uses the pluralized,
snake_cased name of the component for the table name. That means for our User entity Quick will assume the table name is users. For an entity with multiple words like PasswordResetToken the default table would be password_reset_tokens. You can override this by specifying a table metadata attribute on the component.// User.cfc
component table="t_users" extends="quick.models.BaseEntity" accessors="true" {}
For more information on using inheritance and child tables in your relational database model, see Subclass Entities.
By default, Quick assumes a primary key of
id. The name of this key can be configured by setting variables._key in your component.// User.cfc
component extends="quick.models.BaseEntity" accessors="true" {
variables._key = "user_id";
}
Quick also assumes a key type that is auto-incrementing. If you would like a different key type, override the
keyType function and return the desired key type from that function.// User.cfc
component extends="quick.models.BaseEntity" accessors="true" {
function keyType() {
return variables._wirebox.getInstance( "UUIDKeyType@quick" );
}
}
Quick ships with the following key types:
AutoIncrementingKeyTypeNullKeyTypeReturningKeyTypeUUIDKeyTypeRowIDKeyType
keyType can be any component that adheres to the keyType interface, so feel free to create your own and distribute them via ForgeBox.interface displayname="KeyType" {
/**
* Called to handle any tasks before inserting into the database.
* Recieves the entity as the only argument.
*/
public void function preInsert( required entity );
/**
* Called to handle any tasks after inserting into the database.
* Recieves the entity and the queryExecute result as arguments.
*/
public void function postInsert( required entity, required struct result );
}
Quick also supports compound or composite keys as a primary key. Define your
variables._key as an array of the composite keys:// PlayingField.cfc
component extends="quick.models.BaseEntity" accessors="true" {
property name="fieldID";
property name="clientID";
property name="fieldName";
variables._key = [ "fieldID", "clientID" ];
function keyType() {
return variables._wirebox.getInstance( "NullKeyType@quick" );
}
}
Note that your chosen
keyType will need to be able to handle composite keys.You specify what attributes are retrieved by adding properties to your component.
// User.cfc
component extends="quick.models.BaseEntity" accessors="true" {
property name="id";
property name="username";
property name="email";
}
Now, only the
id, username, and email attributes will be retrieved.Make sure to include the primary key (
id by default) as a property.To prevent Quick from mapping a property to a database column add the
persistent="false" attribute to the property. This is needed mostly when using dependency injection.// User.cfc
component extends="quick.models.BaseEntity" accessors="true" {
property name="bcrypt" inject="@BCrypt" persistent="false";
property name="id";
property name="username";
property name="email";
}
If the column name in your table is not the column name you wish to use in Quick, you can specify the column name using the
column metadata attribute. The attribute will be available using the name of the attribute.component extends="quick.models.BaseEntity" accessors="true" {
property name="id";
property name="username" column="user_name";
property name="countryId" column="FK_country_id";
}
To work around CFML's lack of
null, you can use the nullValue and convertToNull attributes.nullValue defines the value that is considered null for a attribute. By default it is an empty string. ("")convertToNull is a flag that, when false, will not try to insert null in to the database. By default this flag is true.component extends="quick.models.BaseEntity" accessors="true" {
property name="id";
property name="number" convertToNull="false";
property name="title" nullValue="REALLY_NULL";
}
The
readOnly attribute will prevent setters, updates, and inserts to a attribute when set to true.component extends="quick.models.BaseEntity" accessors="true" {
property name="id";
property name="createdDate" readonly="true";
}
In some cases you will need to specify an exact SQL type for your attribute. Any value set for the
sqltype attribute will be used when inserting or updating the attribute in the database. It will also be used when you use the attribute in a where constraint.component extends="quick.models.BaseEntity" accessors="true" {
property name="id";
property name="number" sqltype="cf_sql_varchar";
}
The
casts attribute allows you to use a value in your CFML code as a certain type while being a different type in the database. A common example of this is a boolean which is usually represented as a BIT in the database.Two casters ship with Quick:
BooleanCast@quick and JsonCast@quick. You can add them using those mappings to any applicable columns.The
casts attribute must point to a WireBox mapping that resolves to a component that implements the quick.models.Casts.CastsAttribute interface. (The implements keyword is optional.) This component defines how to get a value from the database in to the casted value and how to set a casted value back to the database. Below is an example of the built-in BooleanCast, which comes bundled with Quick.// User.cfc
component extends="quick.models.BaseEntity" accessors="true" {
property name="id";
property name="active" casts="BooleanCast@quick";
}
// BooleanCast.cfc
component implements="CastsAttribute" {
/**
* Casts the given value from the database to the target cast type.
*
* @entity The entity with the attribute being casted.
* @key The attribute alias name.
* @value The value of the attribute.
*
* @return The casted attribute.
*/
public any function get(
required any entity,
required string key,
any value
) {
return isNull( arguments.value ) ? false : booleanFormat( arguments.value );
}
/**
* Returns the value to assign to the key before saving to the database.
*
* @entity The entity with the attribute being casted.
* @key The attribute alias name.
* @value The value of the attribute.
*
* @return The value to save to the database. A struct of values
* can be returned if the cast value affects multiple attributes.
*/
public any function set(
required any entity,
required string key,
any value
) {
return arguments.value ? 1 : 0;
}
}
Casted values are lazily loaded and cached for the lifecycle of the component. Only cast values that have been loaded will have
set called on them when persisting to the database.Casts can be composed of multiple fields as well. Take this
Address value object, for example:// Address.cfc
component accessors="true" {
property name="streetOne";
property name="streetTwo";
property name="city";
property name="state";
property name="zip";
function fullStreet() {
var street = [ getStreetOne(), getStreetTwo() ];
return street.filter( function( part ) {
return !isNull( part ) && part != "";
} ).toList( chr( 10 ) );
}
function formatted() {
return fullStreet() & chr( 10 ) & "#getCity()#, #getState()# #getZip()#";
}
}
This component is not a Quick entity. Instead it represents a combination of fields stored on our
User entity:component extends="quick.models.BaseEntity" accessors="true" {
property name="id";
property name="username";
property name="firstName" column="first_name";
property name="lastName" column="last_name";
property name="password";
property name="address"
casts="AddressCast"
persistent="false"
getter="false"
setter="false";
property name="streetOne";
property name="streetTwo";
property name="city";
property name="state";
property name="zip";
}
Noticed that the casted
address is neither persistent nor does it have a getter or setter created for it.The last piece of the puzzle is our
AddressCast component that handles casting the value to and from the native database values:component implements="quick.models.Casts.CastsAttribute" {
property name="wirebox" inject="wirebox";
/**
* Casts the given value from the database to the target cast type.
*
* @entity The entity with the attribute being casted.
* @key The attribute alias name.
* @value The value of the attribute.
* @attributes The struct of attributes for the entity.
*
* @return The casted attribute.
*/
public any function get(
required any entity,
required string key,
any value
) {
return wirebox.getInstance( dsl = "Address" )
.setStreetOne( entity.retrieveAttribute( "streetOne" ) )
.setStreetTwo( entity.retrieveAttribute( "streetTwo" ) )
.setCity( entity.retrieveAttribute( "city" ) )
.setState( entity.retrieveAttribute( "state" ) )
.setZip( entity.retrieveAttribute( "zip" ) );
}
/**
* Returns the value to assign to the key before saving to the database.
*
* @entity The entity with the attribute being casted.
* @key The attribute alias name.
* @value The value of the attribute.
* @attributes The struct of attributes for the entity.
*
* @return The value to save to the database. A struct of values
* can be returned if the cast value affects multiple attributes.
*/
public any function set(
required any entity,
required string key,
any value
) {
return {
"streetOne": arguments.value.getStreetOne(),
"streetTwo": arguments.value.getStreetTwo(),
"city": arguments.value.getCity(),
"state": arguments.value.getState(),
"zip": arguments.value.getZip()
};
}
}
You can see that returning a struct of values from the
set function assigns multiple attributes from a single cast.You can prevent inserting and updating a property by setting the
insert or update attribute to false.component extends="quick.models.BaseEntity" accessors="true" {
property name="id";
property name="email" column="email" update="false" insert="true";
}
Quick handles formula, computed, or subselect properties using query scopes and the
addSubselect helper method. Check out the docs in query scopes to learn more.Quick uses a default datasource and default grammar, as described here. If you are using multiple datasources you can override default datasource by specifying a
datasource metadata attribute on the component. If your extra datasource has a different grammar you can override your grammar as well by specifying a grammar attribute.// User.cfc
component
datasource="myOtherDatasource"
grammar="PostgresGrammar@qb"
extends="quick.models.BaseEntity"
accessors="true"
{
// ....
}
At the time of writing Valid grammar options are:
MySQLGrammar@qb, PostgresGrammar@qb, SqlServerGrammar@qb and OracleGrammar@qb. Please check the qb docs for additional options.You can compare entities using the
isSameAs and isNotSameAs methods. Each method takes another entity and returns true if the two objects represent the same entity.var userOne = getInstance( "User" ).findOrFail( 1 );
var userTwo = getInstance( "User" ).findOrFail( 1 );
userOne.isSameAs( userTwo ); // true
userOne.isNotSameAs( userTwo ); // false
Last modified 4mo ago